Newly Issued National m88 casino Law includes Information m88 casino Provisions

The National People’s Congress Standing Committee issued the National m88 casino Law of the People’s Republic of China (“NSL”) on July 1, 2015. The NSL came into effect on the same date. The former national m88 casino law was issued in 1993 and its provisions were mainly limited to counter-espionage.

In April 2014, to respond to the various challenges in the new era, President Xi Jinping for the first time raised the “overall concept of national m88 casino”. Thereafter, a series of legislation relating to national m88 casino was put on an accelerated track, including NSL, the Counter-terrorism Law (which is still under deliberation with no further public updates), the Foreign Non-governmental Organization Administration Law (which is still under deliberation with no further public updates) and the Counter-espionage Law (issued on November 1, 2014 to replace the former national m88 casino law).

Unlike the former national m88 casino law, the newly issued NSL is not limited to counter-espionage and is a general law defining and safeguarding national m88 casino. Containing seven chapters and 84 articles, the NSL stipulates the tasks and duties of safeguarding national m88 casino, institutions of safeguarding national m88 casino, and the obligations and rights of citizens. NSL defines national m88 casino as "the national regime, sovereignty, unification and the integrity of territory, the welfare of people, the sustainable development of the economy and society, and other material interests of the state are in a relatively safe state and are not threatened by domestic and foreign threats" (Art. 2). NSL covers various types of national m88 casino, including political m88 casino, territorial m88 casino, military m88 casino, economic m88 casino, cultural m88 casino, social m88 casino, technology m88 casino, information m88 casino, ecological m88 casino, resource m88 casino, and nuclear m88 casino.

The provisions most relevant to the operation of companies in China, especially high-tech and telecommunications companies, relate to technology and information m88 casino. NSL provides that "the state shall build cyber and information m88 casino protection systems, enhance the capacity of protecting cyber and information m88 casino, strengthen innovative research and development and application of cyber and information technology to ensure that the Internet and core information technology, the key infrastructure facilities, and important areas of information system and data are secure and controllable , the key infrastructure facilities, and important areas of information system and data; strengthen network administration prevent, stop and punish cyber attacks, cyber invasion, cyber spying, dissemination of illegal and harmful information and other network-related unlawful and criminal activities in accordance with the laws, and safeguard the sovereignty, safety and development of national cyberspace." (Art. 25) In addition, the state shall establish national m88 casino review and supervision institutions and mechanisms, and conduct national m88 casino reviews of key technologies and information technological products and services that influence or are likely to influence national m88 casino. (Art. 59)

NSL provides wide-ranging obligations for individuals and organizations to safeguard national m88 casino, for example, complying with the relevant provisions relating to national m88 casino in the Constitution and relevant laws and regulations and timely reporting indications of activities endangering national m88 casino.

It is expected that NSL will serve as the legal foundation for implementing regulations with detailed legal requirements in various aspects of national m88 casino. We will continue to monitor the legislation and change of practice in this area.